A deep technical guide to how modern AI really works—from neural networks and transformers to RAG, embeddings, reasoning ...
Abstract: This article focuses on the vibration issue of flexible two-link manipulators (FTLMs) with input saturation. An efficient system model is represented by a set of ordinary differential ...
Despite the rapid adoption of LLM chatbots, little is known about how they are used. We document the growth of ChatGPT’s consumer product from its launch in November 2022 through July 2025, when it ...
Abstract: In this article, a deep-learning (DL) algorithm is proposed to efficiently predict the pattern of the antenna array. By establishing the Bayesian-optimized convolutional neural network (CNN) ...